Few modern people have not heard of osteochondrosis.Most of them repeatedly experienced the symptoms of this disorder.The widespread use of the disease is connected by prolonged seated to the computer, a passive lifestyle, malnutrition, etc.The osteochondosis of the cervical column manifests itself from pain, weakening of the muscles, limitation of mobility and an entire complex of other symptoms.
Do not ignore the signs of the osteocondrosis, because the treatment starts first, faster you will be crash of the disease.In the initial stages, conservative therapy is performed: taking drugs, exercise therapy, physiotherapy, massage, etc., when complications and destruction of the structure of bone skin, an operation is prescribed.
What is it
The osteochondrosis of the neck is a pathology that is found only in people.Animals do not suffer from him.This is due to the vertical position of the spine.In this position, the vertebrae tightens each other, which leads to the fact that the intervertebral discs are gradually destroyed.
The cervical department consists of 7 vertebrae, which are separated from each other in the discs.This segment of the spine is quite mobile, which is why it is one of the most vulnerable sections of the spine.The weakest link in the cervical region is the intervertebral album, which mainly reflects degenerative distance changes.
The prevalence of cervical osteochdrosis is also explained by a weak muscle corset around the neck.In addition, the small vertebrae are positioned on this area, have a different structure and adapt too much to each other.That's why even a small load on the neck can cause their movement, as well as the compression of blood vessels and nerve branches.When pinching the vertebral artery, which is positioned inside the spine in this area, dangerous complications occur.
The osteochondrosis of the cervical column threatens a protrusion (movement of a nucleus of the pulp without damage to the external shell) and hernias on the disc.These formations compress nerve packages, vases.
Due to degenerative changes in intervertebral discs, the probability of bone growths (osteophytes) increases in the sites of the joint joints.For this reason, the neuro-vascular formations are restricted between the spinal canal.
Reference.According to medical statistics, people over the age of 35 suffer more often than cervical osteochondrosis.Although there is now a rejuvenation of the pathology, which has often developed in patients for 20 years.This is due to the mainly sedentary lifestyle and malnutrition.
The doctors identified 4 phases of pathology:
- 1 degree: The cartilage between the vertebrae begins to collapse.At this stage, the disease has canceled the symptoms.Unfortunately, patients don't notice them.
- 2 degrees: under the pressure of the vertebrae, the height of the disc is reduced, the integrity of its external membrane is violated.At this stage a protrusion may appear.It seems pain, neck mobility is limited, perhaps a violation of the sensitivity of the face.
- 3 degrees: the protrusions are transformed into hernias that compress blood vessels and muscles.In addition to pain, pain is observed in the back of the head, dizziness.
- 4 degrees: osteophytes are formed that stabilize the vertebrae, but squeeze the nerve fibers.The pain does not disappear, the rigidity of the movements occurs, the nearby vertebrae is damaged, neurological symptoms appear.
It is important to start treatment in 1 to 2 phases to avoid serious complications that can only be fixed with a surgical method.
Reasons
Schop's osteochondrosis is a complex and prolonged process that can occur under the influence of many negative factors.
For example, in the elderly, the disease is associated with age -related changes in the body.Therefore the degenerative dystrophic changes derive due to a violation of local blood circulation, metabolic processes and the fulfillment of immunity.
However, doctors identified the main causes of cervical osteochondrosis:
- Incorrect posture.
- The curvature of the spinal column.
- Lesions of the cervical segment.
- Overweight.
- Excellent physical work.
- Long -term sitting on the computer.
- Passive lifestyle.
- Violation of metabolic processes.
- Frequent hypothermia of the neck.
- Wrong organization of the oil (too soft mattress, high pillow).
- Frequent stress, chronic fatigue.
- Congenital pathologies of the shop structure.
- Autoimmune diseases that cause cartilage degeneration.
- Infections.
- Characteristics of the parts of the body, for example a very long or short neck.
Under the influence of these factors, intervertebral structures begin to collapse, bone tissues, nerve decks, blood vessels are damaged.
Symptoms
The clinical picture for osteochondosis of the cervical column is diversified.For this reason, it is difficult for patients to understand what's going on.The first manifestations of the disease are deleted for overload.And after the appearance of pronounced symptoms, they are in a hurry for the doctor, but in this case there are already irreversible changes and the structure of the cervical region will no longer be possible.
The main symptoms of osteochondosis of the cervical column:
- Painful sensations on the neck, shoulders.
- Weakening of the muscles surrounding the interested segment of the spine.
- Excessive setting of sweat.
- Violation of the sensitivity of the higher ends.
- Movement coordination disorders.
- Head pain.
- Vertigo (vertigo).
- Hearing disorders, vision.
- Jumps from the bench, etc.
The nature of the headache in osteochondrosis is different: paroxysmal, constant, button, opaque.This symptom is manifested due to the spasm of the brain vessels, the compression of the nerve rays of the cervical column and the increase in intracranial pressure.
With osteochondrosis of the cervical column, pain does not always appear on the area of the cervical segment, it can spread on the shoulders, your hands.The discomfort can occur after sleep, an acute movement, the tension of the neck, for example, with cough or sneezing.
With the osteochondrosis of the Chop, pressure increases are observed according to the hour of the day, constant hypertension is not characters for the pathology.Usually, as the pressure increases, the following manifestations are observed: pain in the head, pain in the hands, numbness of the cervical gurgling.The pressure drops are often observed after nervous or muscle stress, in the long term remains in an uncomfortable position.
Cervical osteochondosis syndromes
With osteochondrosis of the cervical column, several syndromes are observed (typical conditions that are accompanied by characteristic symptoms).Their manifestation depends on which nerve branches and blood vessels are damaged.
Cervical osteochondrosis syndromes:
- Vertebral artery - It occurs due to the compression or irritation of the artery that feeds the brain.So the patient suffers from hearing disorders, vision, dizziness, pressure falls, migraine, etc.
- CARDIA - It develops when the compromise nerve beams innervate the diaphragm or chest muscle.So a burning pain appears in the chest, lack of breath, weakness, heartbeat.
- Hypertension caused by the compression of the veins, which is why the flow of blood is disturbed by the head.So the intracranial pressure increases, the patient suffers from Cefalgia, nausea, vomiting.
- Cervical migraine occurs due to the compression of the nerves surrounding the vertebral artery.So it appears a painful pain similar to emicranium in the back of the head.The attack lasts about 10 hours and is often accompanied by the eruption of vomiting.
- Sorshcock is the most common symptom complex for osteochondosis of the cervical column.It is caused by the compression of one of the nerve bundles in the vertebrae of the cervical segment.With a violation of conductivity, 1 - 2 roots of the cervical vertebra, the sensitivity is disturbed or the pain appears in the back of the head.In case of damage to 3 couples, the tongue is insensitive, the area behind the ears is difficult for a person chewing food.The inflammation of 4 pairs of roots is accompanied by pain in the collar, sob, difficulty swallowing.If the conductivity of 5 - 8 couples of nerve beams is broken, it is difficult for the patient to move my hands.
Reference.Often, the osteochondrosis of the cervical column occurs immediately with different symptoms of complexes, so the diagnosis is difficult.Therefore, not to understand yourself, it is better to contact the specialists.
Diagnose
If you don't know what to do when suspicious symptoms appear, it is better to contact the therapist immediately.If necessary, the doctor will direct you to an orthopedist, a neurologist.
In diagnostic research, the following instrumental studies are used:
- X -ray.
- Computer or magnetic resonance imaging.
All the above studies provide certain information on the cervical region.For example, x -raggi, ct, magnetic resonance imaging are used to identify pathological changes in the structure of the spine.Electromyography allows you to evaluate the conditions of nerve rays.
With the help of the X -ray, which is carried out in different projections, it is possible to detect the accumulation of calcium salts, a decrease in the height of the cartilage seals between the vertebrae, the deformation of the shop, the presence of bone growth, etc.
Treatment
The therapy of the osteocondrosis of the cervical column should be complex.The decision to choose the methodology is made by the doctor taking into account the phase, the form of the disease, the severity of the symptoms.
The treatment of the osteocondrosis of the cervical column is long and complex.It is unlikely that the pathology can be completely treated, especially when it comes to the elderly patient.However, it is completely possible to interrupt the degenerative distrus disorders in the cervical segment at any phase.
In the early stages of the disease, conservative methods are used: medicines, therapeutic exercises, physiotherapy procedures, massage, orthopedic devices.Most of the above methods can be used at home.
In 3-4 phases, which is accompanied by the destruction not only of cartilage, but also by the bodies of the vertebrae, surgery may be necessary.
To get rid of pain, inflammation, relaxed tense muscles, the following medicines will help improve the condition of the cartilage tissue:
- Anesthesia.With severe pain, you can help you accepting a painkillers' pill.For the same purpose, fans are used, which allow you to cope not only to pain and inflammation.
- Steroids stop the inflammatory process and pain.For this purpose, hydrocortisone -based medicinals, prednisolone, dexamethasone in the form of tablets or ointments are used.
- Musroxanti help to relax the muscles around the damaged area.To this end, solutions for parenteral administration based on glycerol or Gasymidazole are used.They normalize muscle tone and weaken pain syndrome.
- Spasmolitics help to combat pain and muscle spasms.
- Vitamins accelerate the restoration of the nervous system.For this purpose, the drugs are taken based on the elements of the complexes of group B, A, C, D, E. E. are quite effective.
Reference.If pain syndrome is very serious and oral analgesics do not help, the doctor may prescribe a block of novocaine.The injections that use anesthetic or steroid solutions are positioned directly in the center of the pathology.This procedure can only be performed by an expert specialist.
In complex therapy, creams, gel, ointments with anti -inflammatory effect, heating, analgesic.
To relieve patient conditions, improve their physical form, prescribe therapeutic gymnastics.The exercises help to strengthen the muscles around the neck, to improve metabolic processes, to accelerate blood circulation and weaken the load on the weakened spine.
Particularly popular between the Oshop gymnastics in the room using special simulators.However, if you wish, you can manage at home.
LFK complex for cervical osteochondrosis:
- Small the shoulder head, fix the head for 30 seconds, then repeat the movement in the other direction.
- Take your head forward, trying to touch the chin on the chest, then lift it and a little forward.
- Lower your head a little back, turn right and then to the left shoulder.
- Press your left shoulder with your right hand, raise your elbow a little.Then turn your head to the right, lingers, feeling muscle tension.
- This exercise is performed like the third, only during the round of the head, lifts the arms over the head and adhere to them.
- The hands on their knees, widening them on the sides, trying to connect the shoulder blades, at the same time understand the chin.So you will resolve the thoracic region.
- Get up, lower your hands, stretch your neck forward, trying to touch the chin in the shoulder.
Before the lessons, it is necessary to take a joint heat and take a shower to relax the muscles.After performing the complex, stretch.
You can treat osteochondosis of the neck with physiotherapy:
- Uhf.
- Laser therapy.
- Magnetotherapy.
- Electrophoresis with drugs, etc.
Magnetotherapy facilitates inflammation, pain.Treatment with UHF and Laser accelerates the metabolism in the affected area, helps to eliminate swelling.Thanks to the electrophoresis, the medicines penetrate the focus of inflammation through the skin, where they immediately manifest their effect.
With the help of the massage, the muscle tone is normalized, the blood flow in the damaged area is accelerated, the tissue trophic is improved.After passing the course, which usually consists of 10 procedures, the development of degenerative stretching processes in the cervical column stops.
At home, you can use an applicator: this is a plastic device with many peaks.You need to go to the device or apply it in the affected area.The applicator helps to weaken pain, relaxes muscles, improves blood circulation and motor activity.
With a complex treatment, the patient will be able to get rid of the osteochondosis of the neck forever.However, this is possible if the disease was detected in 1 stadium.In other cases, complete events will help to stop the development of the pathology.
Carty degeneration of the cervical region (Condro)
Many people believe that fondrosis and osteochondrosis are a disease.However, this opinion is incorrect.In the first disease, only the laying of the cartilage of the vertebrae is damaged and, with the second, the degenerative changes apply to bone tissues.That is, Condrosis is the first stage of osteocondrosis.
The chondro of the cervical region develops when the metabolic processes of the intervertebral disc are interrupted.So the collagen fibers are replaced by unnecessary fibrosis tissues, the cartilage IALINA is calculated, it becomes less elastic.Its height decreases, which is why the vertebral function is disturbed.
The cervical amnesty has the following signs:
- Quick fatigue of the muscles surrounding the shop.
- Violation of posture.
- Discomfort that periodically or mild pain occur in the area concerned.
- Limitation of neck mobility.
The disease is detected by chance, during X -ray or magnetic resonance imaging.
Treatment of the amnesty
In the first disease, doctors prescribe fans and chondroprotectors.In addition, the patient should avoid excessive physical effort or prolonged session.It is recommended to perform therapeutic gymnastics, eat well, abandon bad habits.
Further treatment methods include massage, manual therapy.In addition, physiotherapy procedures are shown, for example electrophoresis, ultraviolet irradiation, amplipulter, diadima therapy, bathing and mud treatment.Acupuncture has shown its effectiveness in treatment.
The main conclusions
The osteochondrosis of the cervical column is an insidious disorder that manifests itself with various symptoms.The patient does not always understand what is really happening to him.And when the pronounced pain is in a hurry for the doctor, however, this sign indicates the presence of degenerative dystrophic changes in the cervical segment.In this case, it will not be possible to restore the conditions of the spine.Then the treatment is carried out, which helps to stop the development of the pathology and avoid serious consequences.Osteocondrosis therapy is a complex and long process that requires patience, organization.After eliminating pain and inflammation, the patient should regularly perform operating therapy, participate in massage, physiotherapy procedures, use orthopedic devices, eat well, abandon bad habits.It is important to conduct a healthy lifestyle, observe moderate physical activity, control the weight, monitor posture.Only in this case, will you be able to stop the pathology and live a full life.